Observations & Results

Observation Management

Observations are the individual measurements or findings within a lab test, following FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources) standards.

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How Observations Work

Each lab test can have multiple observations:

Observation Field	Description
Observation Template	Links to the pre-configured template
Result Value	The measured value
Unit	Unit of measurement (g/dL, mmol/L, /μL, etc.)
Reference Range	Normal range for comparison
Interpretation	Normal, Abnormal, Critical
Notes	Additional comments from the lab

Observation Templates

Pre-configure observation templates with:

• Reference ranges — Different ranges by age and gender
• Units of measurement — Standard lab units
• Permitted values — For qualitative results (Positive/Negative, Reactive/Non-Reactive)
• Critical ranges — Values that trigger alerts

Reference Ranges

Reference ranges can be configured by:

Criteria	Example
Gender	Hemoglobin: Male 13-17 g/dL, Female 12-16 g/dL
Age	Hemoglobin: Child 11-14 g/dL, Adult 13-17 g/dL

Result Entry & Formats

Normal Results

For quantitative tests with numeric values:

1. Open the lab test record
2. Enter the numeric result for each parameter
3. The system automatically flags values outside reference ranges
4. Submit the results for approval

Descriptive Results

For qualitative tests:

1. Enter text-based findings (e.g., Appearance, Color, Consistency)
2. Select from pre-defined options where available
3. Add free-text notes for detailed descriptions

Organism Results (Microbiology)

For culture and sensitivity tests:

1. Record the organism identified (e.g., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus)
2. Enter sensitivity results for each antibiotic tested:
   • Sensitive (S) — The organism responds to this antibiotic
   • Resistant (R) — The organism does not respond
   • Intermediate (I) — Partial response
3. Record the colony count if applicable